Heavy Metal

84 years ago today: 7 June 1941
"The double christening of the Battleship South Dakota (BB-57)"

The newly-built battleship was set to be launched on June 7, 1941 at a shipyard at Camden, New Jersey. It was a big, expensive, state-of-the-art warship - fast, strong, and exceptionally powerful. Important ships get big ceremonies and plans for the event were made and well-publicized well ahead of time. South Dakota and South Dakotans were selected for high-profile duties at the event, and no one had a more prominent role than First Lady Vera Bushfield, the wife of then-governor Harlan Bushfield. She would be the ship's sponsor, which, among other things, meant that she would be the one to smash the ceremonial bottle of champagne across the ship's bow just as it was being launched into the harbor.
Mrs. Genevieve Trask, a resident of Pierre, South Dakota and a friend of the Bushfield's, had asked if a bottle of champagne that she'd been saving for a special occasion might be used for the christening. It sounds simple enough, but permission had to be obtained from the highest levels of the U.S. Navy and the New York Ship Building Company.
Mrs. Trask's seemingly simple request had to be channeled through the South Dakota Governor's office, through South Dakota's Congressional delegation and finally into the hands of those actually running the christening event. In the end, the answer was "yes, but." The bottle of champagne originally selected for the event would have to be smashed as well. If Mrs. Bushfield, as the sponsor, wanted a second bottle smashed, that would be up to her.
On the day of the event, a Saturday, hundreds of people waited for the tide to raise the the Delaware River at the shipyard. They waited longer as shipyard workers struggled to free the ship from its ways - the structure that held the ship upright during construction. The Sioux Falls Washington Senior High School Band Played. There were speeches and there was more waiting. A radio announcer kept talking, filling time while Philadelphia station WCAU recorded the entire event. No less than 45 minutes after the scheduled time, the ship was ready to be launched. Mrs. Bushfield swung a bottle of champagne like a baseball bat - like Joe DiMaggio, it was said. The bottle shattered and the crowd cheered. Almost almost simultaneously, Harry Heins, an employee of the ship building company, smashed the "official" bottle against the port side of the ship. The second strike can be heard in the WCAU recording, just barely, over the cheering crowd and the Washington High School Band.
When Miss Genevieve Babel was engaged to Mr. Howard Trask in 1912, the groom-to-be presented his fiance' with a bottle of Cook's Imperial American Champagne, vintage 1906. For reasons known only to the Trasks, the bottle was never opened. Instead, it was stored and cared for with the notion that someday, it could be used for something special. When a new Pierre to Fort Pierre bridge was to be dedicated in 1926, Mrs. Trask offered her bottle of champagne for the dedication, then Governor Carl Gunderson turned her down. With the country in the midst of Prohibition, Gunderson felt that it just wouldn't be right.
What's also remarkable about Mrs. Trask's story and that of the double-christening of the U.S.S. South Dakota is that it is very well-documented. Mrs. Trask kept a scrapbook with photos and other mementos of not just the christening day, but of many days before and afterward. There's a program from the christening, there's an ad for Cook's Imperial American Champagne. (The company paid for Mrs. Trask to attend the event in Camden.) There are diaries and correspondences. All of it now in the South Dakota State Archives at the State Cultural Heritage Center in Pierre.
The recording of the event is also in the State Archives. It's the same acetate disc that was delivered from WCAU in Philadelphia to radio station WNAX in South Dakota in early June, 1941. WNAX broadcast the recording statewide just a couple of days after the event.

The battleship South Dakota went on to distinguished service during World War II in both the Pacific and Atlantic. The ship and her crew saw action in almost every major naval engagement in the Pacific. She was the first ship to fire on the mainland of Japan and was anchored in Tokyo Bay when the Japanese finally surrendered in 1945.

The Battleship South Dakota Memorial in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, offers displays about the ship's history and photos of the various captains and crew members. Artifacts taken from the remains of the ship are also on display, including a portion of the original radar antenna, ships mast, sections of the original gun barrels, a full 16-inch gun barrel, and much more. The memorial is open 7 days a week, 9:30am-5:30pm.

Story credit: SDPB.

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Seen it in pics/video for years. The gist I get ... slide it off an incline, fill a "bathtub" with water under it till it floats, sink a "barge" under it, and a new one I just learned: use air bags.

Inquiring minds might like the 14 min video showing the 5-6 main ways shipyards do it. I also gotta study up on tug boats .. 10-15K HP quite common. How do they do that stuff they do? tough little rigs.

 
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10 minute video on tugboats .... more than meets the eye.

Towing/pushing boats 1,000 times their size, the unsung heroes of maritime (commercial and military) operations.

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This is the Youtube vid mentioned right above.


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Narrated video tour at bottom of a 4,200 HP "hybrid" tug .. this design uses two, CAT (V-16, four stroke, water cooled ) 3516 diesel gensets (overall ship electric power, for all usages, particularly powerful props and winches) ...kinda like the prime movers in locomotives.

Other tug designs still are "direct drive" in that a diesel engine with a drive shaft(s) connected to gearing mechanisms that in turn operate(s) the propeller(s).

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Surprise! Folks at #SpiritAirshow today found out that in addition to our two-ship "Show of Force" demo with the A-10 Thunderbolt II's (lovably known as the Hog) we also threw in two P-47 Thunderbolts!

You won't see this again, along with dozens of other flying displays and exhibits. We are down to the final tickers for Sunday, don't wake up missing out- Tickets – Spirit of St. Louis Air Show & STEM Expo™

https://spirit-airshow.com

The P-47 in the foreground is from the Fagan Fighter Museum in Granite Falls, MN. I got to hear the artist that painted the nose art on this aircraft.

Chief Ski-U-Mah II

https://www.fagenfighterswwiimuseum.org
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USS Kentucky (BB-66) as seen from the bow looking towards the stern, She was an uncompleted battleship intended to be the last ship of the Iowa class

Under construction; the twin rudder stock housings are easily seen in the foreground along with the port side lower armor belt and the aft torpedo defense system framing. the round barbettes which would have held her 16-inch (406 mm) main battery are prominent

Part of her bow was chopped off and replaced the damaged portion of the USS Wisconsin in 1956.

USS Kentucky (BB-66) - Wikipedia


What about the Illinois ? Started but never completed

USS Illinois (BB-65) - Wikipedia

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HMS Glorious would meet a sudden and tragic end early in the Second World War.

Originally built as a battlecruiser during the First World War, she was later converted into an aircraft carrier, serving with distinction between the wars and into the early days of WWII.

But her final chapter came abruptly on June 8, 1940, during the evacuation of British forces from Norway.

While sailing independently through the Norwegian Sea, Glorious and her escorts were spotted by the German battleships Scharnhorst and Gneisenau. In a brutal and one sided engagement, the German warships quickly overwhelmed Glorious.

Caught without air cover and unable to launch aircraft in time, Glorious was fatally struck by heavy shells, including one that destroyed her flight deck, rendering flight operations impossible.

Despite the efforts of her crew, she was sunk with the loss of over 1,200 lives, a staggering toll.

Her destroyer escorts, HMS Acasta and HMS Ardent, fought valiantly to protect her, but were also sunk.

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in 1945, over 100 feet of USS Pittsburgh's bow was snapped off by a typhoon near Okinawa. The heavy cruiser managed to make it to Guam where she was referred to as the "Longest Ship in the World" because the distance from bow to stern was thousands of miles. The bow was salvaged and nicknamed "USS McKeesport" after a suburb of Pittsburgh. USS Pittsburgh was given a new bow and served another 11 years.
 
84 years ago today: 7 June 1941
"The double christening of the Battleship South Dakota (BB-57)"

The newly-built battleship was set to be launched on June 7, 1941 at a shipyard at Camden, New Jersey. It was a big, expensive, state-of-the-art warship - fast, strong, and exceptionally powerful. Important ships get big ceremonies and plans for the event were made and well-publicized well ahead of time. South Dakota and South Dakotans were selected for high-profile duties at the event, and no one had a more prominent role than First Lady Vera Bushfield, the wife of then-governor Harlan Bushfield. She would be the ship's sponsor, which, among other things, meant that she would be the one to smash the ceremonial bottle of champagne across the ship's bow just as it was being launched into the harbor.
Mrs. Genevieve Trask, a resident of Pierre, South Dakota and a friend of the Bushfield's, had asked if a bottle of champagne that she'd been saving for a special occasion might be used for the christening. It sounds simple enough, but permission had to be obtained from the highest levels of the U.S. Navy and the New York Ship Building Company.
Mrs. Trask's seemingly simple request had to be channeled through the South Dakota Governor's office, through South Dakota's Congressional delegation and finally into the hands of those actually running the christening event. In the end, the answer was "yes, but." The bottle of champagne originally selected for the event would have to be smashed as well. If Mrs. Bushfield, as the sponsor, wanted a second bottle smashed, that would be up to her.
On the day of the event, a Saturday, hundreds of people waited for the tide to raise the the Delaware River at the shipyard. They waited longer as shipyard workers struggled to free the ship from its ways - the structure that held the ship upright during construction. The Sioux Falls Washington Senior High School Band Played. There were speeches and there was more waiting. A radio announcer kept talking, filling time while Philadelphia station WCAU recorded the entire event. No less than 45 minutes after the scheduled time, the ship was ready to be launched. Mrs. Bushfield swung a bottle of champagne like a baseball bat - like Joe DiMaggio, it was said. The bottle shattered and the crowd cheered. Almost almost simultaneously, Harry Heins, an employee of the ship building company, smashed the "official" bottle against the port side of the ship. The second strike can be heard in the WCAU recording, just barely, over the cheering crowd and the Washington High School Band.
When Miss Genevieve Babel was engaged to Mr. Howard Trask in 1912, the groom-to-be presented his fiance' with a bottle of Cook's Imperial American Champagne, vintage 1906. For reasons known only to the Trasks, the bottle was never opened. Instead, it was stored and cared for with the notion that someday, it could be used for something special. When a new Pierre to Fort Pierre bridge was to be dedicated in 1926, Mrs. Trask offered her bottle of champagne for the dedication, then Governor Carl Gunderson turned her down. With the country in the midst of Prohibition, Gunderson felt that it just wouldn't be right.
What's also remarkable about Mrs. Trask's story and that of the double-christening of the U.S.S. South Dakota is that it is very well-documented. Mrs. Trask kept a scrapbook with photos and other mementos of not just the christening day, but of many days before and afterward. There's a program from the christening, there's an ad for Cook's Imperial American Champagne. (The company paid for Mrs. Trask to attend the event in Camden.) There are diaries and correspondences. All of it now in the South Dakota State Archives at the State Cultural Heritage Center in Pierre.
The recording of the event is also in the State Archives. It's the same acetate disc that was delivered from WCAU in Philadelphia to radio station WNAX in South Dakota in early June, 1941. WNAX broadcast the recording statewide just a couple of days after the event.

The battleship South Dakota went on to distinguished service during World War II in both the Pacific and Atlantic. The ship and her crew saw action in almost every major naval engagement in the Pacific. She was the first ship to fire on the mainland of Japan and was anchored in Tokyo Bay when the Japanese finally surrendered in 1945.

The Battleship South Dakota Memorial in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, offers displays about the ship's history and photos of the various captains and crew members. Artifacts taken from the remains of the ship are also on display, including a portion of the original radar antenna, ships mast, sections of the original gun barrels, a full 16-inch gun barrel, and much more. The memorial is open 7 days a week, 9:30am-5:30pm.

Story credit: SDPB.

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The first South Dakota was the name ship of a six ship class begun in 1920. They were a further improvement of the previous Tennessee and Colorado classes. They were roughly the same size as the South Dakota that was eventually built only they were to carry 12 16” 50 cal. guns in four turrets. Ships of the class were South Dakota BB49, Indiana BB50, Montana BB51, North Carolina BB52, Iowa BB53, and Massachusetts BB54. All were laid down in several shipyards and were between 11% and 38% complete when they were canceled under the Washington Naval Treaty. Other ships canceled were ships of the Lexington class battle cruisers. As designed, they were nearly the size of the later Iowa class battleships and were to carry 8 16” 50 cal guns in four turrets. Lexington and Saratoga were converted into aircraft carriers and the rest were cancelled or scrapped.
 
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The Northrop flying wing YB-49 takes to the air for the first time. 3 aircraft were converted from YB-35 and two YB-49 and the final one YRB-49A but sadly they never entered production, being passed over in favor of the more conventional Convair B-36 piston-driven design.

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Did you know that some of the Boeing B-47s were weather planes? It was part of a program in the 1960s, the height of the Cold War, where B-47s were used to provide real-time meteorological data in areas the military considered important, such as the aerial refueling corridors between the United States and the USSR, should the need arise to deploy nuclear weapons against the Soviets. They were also equipped with sensors to detect atomic particles, which helped the US study the ways radiation from nuclear tests spread, and also track atomic testing from the Soviet Union.

Our B-47 was the last B-47 to conduct a weather mission, landing here at Boeing Field the next day. The Museum of Flight as we know it today didn’t really exist yet, so it would be years before the plane was finally restored. The decision was made to return it to its pre-weather livery, when it was part of Strategic Air Command. The repaint was done in Boeing’s paint facilities.

Here are some photos of the plane in paint process in the paint hangar, and a picture of the finished paintjob. They are a testament to the dedication of skilled laborers, donors, and volunteers who made the repaint happen.

You can see the plane on display today in our Aviation Pavilion. Get your tickets now ➡️ The Museum Of Flight - Admissions

Image Credit: The Museum of Flight Collection

https://www.museumofflight.org/Exhibits-and-Events/Aircraft/boeing-wb-47e-stratojetIMG_6319.jpeg

Boeing in Washington
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The story of Cross Country, the only YB-29 Bomber Escorter ever built
Designed in 1940 as an eventual replacement for the B-17 and B-24, the first B-29 made its maiden flight on Sep. 21, 1942. In December 1943 US Army Air Forces (USAAF) leadership committed the Superfortress to Asia, where its great range made it particularly suited for the long over-water flights against the Japanese homeland from bases in China.

One of the most technologically advanced airplanes of World War II, the B-29 had many new features, including guns that could be fired by remote control. Two crew areas, fore and aft, were pressurized and connected by a long tube over the bomb bays, allowing crew members to crawl between them. The tail gunner had a separate pressurized area that could only be entered or left at altitudes that did not require pressurization.

The B-29 was also the world’s heaviest production plane because of increases in range, bomb load and defensive requirements.
while waiting for an effective long-range fighter escort to be developed, the US Army Air Corps (USAAC) directed in August 1941 that each new bomber type should have a variant considered for escorter duties. Consequently, during 1943, the fourth YB-29 (41-36957) was modified into a 23-gun bomber escort. The standard YB-29 armament array consisted of forward and aft dorsal and ventral turrets, each with twin 0.50- cals (the dorsal forward turret was subsequently armed with four 0.50-cals), that were remotely controlled by gunners in three sighting blisters. The tail turret contained two 0.50-cals and a 20mm cannon.

The YB-29 escorter was provided with an experimental ERCO nosemounted ball turret armed with two 0.50-cal guns and four lowprofile, side-mounted, remotelycontrolled Emerson Model 126 barbettes (two forward of the wing and two replacing the aft gunner blisters), each also with two 0.50- cals. The four dorsal/ventral turrets had their weaponry replaced by two 0.50-cals and a 20mm cannon, while the tail cannon was replaced with a 30mm weapon. The YB-29 received only cursory testing before the concept was abandoned, and it later served as a training aircraft with the name Cross Country.
Source: By Dario Leone

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Lifted from Facebook. It’s awesome that these aircraft and the history and stories behind these planes are being captured and shared…

Big News for the B-24 enthusiast and warbird community.

It has been announced that the B-24J currently displayed at the Barksdale Global Power Museum at Barksdale AFB in Bossier City, Louisiana, will be moving to the National Museum of the Mighty Eighth Air Force in Pooler, Georgia (20 miles west of Savannah). Only 14 twin tail, four engine B-24 Liberators survive of the 18,482 built during World War II.

Plans call for this rare, Ford-built B-24J, serial number 44-48781, to be restored, and it will form the centerpiece of the National Museum of the Mighty Eighth Air Force’s forthcoming expansion titled “Maximum Effort.” The museum’s new wing is anticipated to be completed in 2026. The B-24 move and restoration will follow in due course. Moving the aircraft from outdoor display, restoring it, then showcasing the bomber in a climate-controlled building will preserve this aircraft for generations to come.

Most recently, volunteers at the National Museum of the Mighty Eighth Air Force spent 60,000 hours restoring B-17G 44-83814, which wears the markings of “City of Savannah.” This Flying Fortress is the crown jewel of the museum, and the B-24 will take pride of place on display once it has been fully restored.

Air Classics will have a full report on this Liberator and the move, when it happens. You can follow this and other restorations in the pages of future issues of Air Classics magazine. Subscribe by calling 818-700-6868.

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After the war, B-24J 44-48781 went to the Spartan School of Aeronautics in Tulsa, Oklahoma, where she trained generations of fledgling aircraft mechanics. (Nicholas A. Veronico Collection)



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The Barksdale Global Power Museum’s J-model B-24 Liberator is one of the last in the world that was built at the Ford Motor Company’s Willow Run manufacturing complex in Michigan. It was recently painted in a desert sand paint scheme, to represent the Mediterranean Theater of Operations in World War II. (U.S. Air Force photo/Airman 1st Class Mozer O. Da Cunha)
 
This near-100ton behemoth was initially called Heavy Tank T28, but the project was reclassified 105mm Gun Motor Carriage T95.⁠

The vast majority of this weight came from the massive 12 inches of frontal armour! By contrast Shermans had 2" thick front hull.⁠

A 105mm main gun in a heavily protected ball mount didn't exactly help with the weight issue either.⁠

All this was powered by a 410ph V8 giving the T95 a less than rapid top speed of 8mph.⁠

One really interesting feature was the outer set of tracks could be removed, fitted together to be transported separately - this allowed the 29-ton lighter vehicle to be transported by rail and use certain bridges.⁠

While 5 pilots were planned, the war in Europe ended and the order was reduced to 2. While trials were not unsuccessful, its mobility was seriously lacking and the concept of the T95 was made redundant by the development of the T29 Heavy Tank.

Want to learn about another heavyweight? Check out our most recent YouTube video, on the A39 Tortoise!




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The Kuznetsov NK-93 was a radical Soviet engineering marvel—a propfan engine that combined the speed of a jet with the fuel economy of a turboprop. Built in the 1980s, it delivered remarkable performance with a bypass ratio over 16:1, far beyond any commercial engine at the time. Engineers believed it could cut fuel consumption by 30% compared to Western rivals.



Despite successful tests on an Il-76 testbed and praise for its quiet operation and futuristic design, the NK-93 never entered production. Funding cuts, geopolitical shifts, and the fall of the USSR buried the project. Today, it remains one of the greatest “what ifs” in aviation history—an ultra-efficient engine that arrived decades too soon.

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The Douglas XB-19 was a four-engined, piston-driven heavy bomber produced by the Douglas Aircraft Company for the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) during the early 1940s. The design was originally designated XBLR-2 (XBLR denoting "Experimental Bomber, Long Range"). It was the largest bomber built for the USAAF until 1946, with the Convair B-36 surpassing it in size.

Douglas XB-19 - Wikipedia


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Did you know 414 B-29s were lost bombing Japan? For every Superfortress lost to the enemy, almost two were lost to accidents and crashes.

One of the most technologically advanced airplanes of World War II, the B-29 Superfortress had many new features, including guns that could be fired by remote control. Two crew areas, fore and aft, were pressurized and connected by a long tube over the bomb bays, allowing crew members to crawl between them. The tail gunner had a separate pressurized area that could only be entered or left at altitudes that did not require pressurization.



The B-29 was also the world’s heaviest production plane because of increases in range, bomb load and defensive requirements.



B-29s were primarily used in the Pacific theater during World War II. As many as 1,000 Superfortresses at a time bombed Tokyo, destroying large parts of the city. Finally, on Aug. 6, 1945, the B-29 Enola Gay dropped the world’s first atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan. Three days later a second B-29, Bockscar, dropped another atomic bomb on Nagasaki. Shortly thereafter, Japan surrendered.



How many B-29s were lost over Japan?



‘Four hundred and fourteen (414) B-29s were lost bombing Japan—147 of them to flak and Japanese fighters, 267 to engine fires, mechanical failures, takeoff crashes and other “operational losses,”’ Pete Feigal, Former Pro Military Artist, explains on Quora.



‘Do the math and you’ll see that for every B-29 lost to the enemy, almost two were lost to accidents and crashes.



‘The grim jest among B-29 crewmen was that they were being killed more by Curtiss-Wright, the makers of the B-29’s big R3350 radial engines, than by the Japanese. Except it wasn’t a joke.



‘The B-29 had 4 × Wright R-3350-23 Duplex-Cyclone 18-cylinder air-cooled turbosupercharged radial piston engines, making 2,200 hp each, and they were terrible, and the LAST time magnesium was every used on an engine again.



‘The light-weight crankcase of the R3350 was made out of very flammable magnesium crankcase, and when they went up like shooting stars, they could quickly burn right through a wing spar.’

Feigal concludes;

‘With the unreliability of the incredibly complex remote-aimed guns, the severe engine problems and the many, many other issues in the very technical (and rushed, IMO,) aircraft, give me a B-17 every time.’

Source: By Dario Leone

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(Lifted from Facebook)

A sight you will probably not see again. Six nuclear-powered cruisers of the United States Navy steaming together in 1981.

Two of the cruisers are of the California class while the other four are of the succeeding Virginia class.

The cruisers are as follows:
Front Row (Front to Back)
- USS California (CGN-36)
- USS South Carolina (CGN-37)
- USS Virginia (CGN-38)
2nd Row (Front to Back:
- USS Texas (CGN-39)
- USS Mississippi (CGN-40)
- USS Arkansas (CGN-41)

The reason that such a photo will likely not be seen again for some time if at all is due to the fact that the United States Navy no longer operates nuclear-powered cruisers. Though powerful warships and effective escorts, the cruisers were decommissioned due to cost concerns as well as an inability to easily accommodate new design features. We will discuss these issues in greater detail in a later post.

Following the end of the Cold War, the expensive cruisers would be decommissioned quickly. The Virginia class cruisers would be retired by 1998 while the California class would be retired in 1999.

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Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar ("Dynamic Soarer") was a United States Air Force (USAF) program to develop a spaceplane that could be used for a variety of military missions, including reconnaissance, bombing, space rescue, satellite maintenance, and sabotage of enemy satellites. The program ran from 24 October 1957 to 10 December 1963 and was cancelled just after spacecraft construction had begun.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_X-20_Dyna-Soar

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The heavy cruiser USS Wichita (CA-45), the sole ship of her class. She was the progenitor for the final generation of United States Navy heavy cruisers.

Originally designed to be another of the New Orleans class, Wichita was redesigned to utilize the more advanced hull form of the Brooklyn class light cruisers. This made Wichita slightly longer than her predecessors, being 608' (185m) in overall length compared to 588' (179m) for the New Orleans class, though the beam remained the same at 61' 9" (18.8m). Most importantly, This flush deck design was much stronger, granting the hull better strength and resistance to battle damage. The new hull form also had better freeboard, making the ship handle rough seas better.

The larger size enabled the US Navy to fit many new features onto Wichita. Her armor layout was revised. Though deck armor remained the same at 2.25" (57mm) her belt was increased to 6.4" (160mm) from 5" (127mm) on the New Orleans class. While the base armament of nine 8" (203mm) Mark 12 guns remained the standard, Wichita was fitted with an improved turret design that was first tested on the Tuscaloosa subgroup of the New Orleans class. These turrets, though heavier than earlier versions, featured a much more angular design and more comprehensive armor protection.

Firepower remained almost the same as the proceeding New Orleans class, but featured several refinements. As mentioned previously, nine 8" guns remained the primary armament, but the turrets were modified. The guns were now individually sleeved, enhancing gunnery while the wider spacing of the barrels enhanced accuracy at longer ranges.

The secondary armament saw a more significant refinement. The earlier New Orleans class had eight 5"/25 guns. These guns were placed amidships, four to a side. Wichita was designed for eight of the more powerful 5"/38 dual-purpose guns. These guns were also placed in a better layout. Six guns were mounted amidships, three to a side. However the final two guns were mounted in superfiring positions forward and aft. This gave the weapons better firing arcs and allowed Wichita to bring five guns into action during a broadside compared to four for the New Orleans class. Furthermore, the some of the mounts (the forward three and aft superfiring mount) were completely enclosed, giving the crew better protection.

After armor and firepower, Wichita was further improved so far as agility went. Her Brooklyn derived hull was more hydrodynamic than earlier designs. Though the powerplant remained roughly the same as earlier heavy cruisers, producing 100,000shp, she was slightly faster by .3 to .5 knots. Her stronger hull and greater freeboard also enabled her to steam at high speeds much more effectively than older cruisers. The larger hull also enabled more fuel to be carried, giving Wichita another 1,000nmi of additinal range.

All of this was achieved on a displacement that was almost within the 10,000 Treaty limit. This made Wichita one of the more balanced heavy cruiser designs and placed her among the best of the Treaty heavy cruisers.

Despite her impressive performance, she would remain the sole ship of her class. As Treaty restrictions broke down, the US Navy began designing larger heavy cruisers. Despite this, the succeeding Baltimore class would take heavy inspiration from Wichita. The Baltimore class simply built upon the Wichita design, introducing further refinements and improvements.

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During the Sinai Campaign of 1956, also known as the Suez Crisis, two of the three Israeli Boeing B-17G Flying Fortresses are seen in flight.

Acquired covertly in the late 1940s, these ex-U.S. World War II bombers were adapted for long-range missions by the nascent Israeli Air Force.

Though outdated by the mid-1950s, the B-17s were used for strategic bombing and psychological impact during the conflict against Egyptian forces in the Sinai Peninsula.

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