So, I decided to put a completely new carburetor on my 383 instead of trying to repair my junk original Carter 2 barrel. I got the same model, albeit from a 1969 model, but it's still pretty much the exact same type of carburetor and bolted right on. It was an ACDelco rebuild, I adjusted the idle screws to 1 and a 1/2 turns and tried to adjust it: it doesn't want to run at all at the idle RPM, but if I rev it it fairs a bit better.
I've heard several suggestions from elsewhere and on this forum (many thanks to CBODY67), ranging from a vacuum leak from the carburetor gasket, to a timing problem, to an incorrectly adjusted or clogged carburetor.
On this carburetor there's two vacuum lines, one for the distributor advance and another on the very back. I didn't cap these although I read later that you should, so I'll take that into consideration for next time.
It is worth noting that my original carburetor, while having an issue with acceleration, actually handled idle well, which is why I'm not sure if this is a timing related problem. I have a thick style gasket for the carb which I could put on instead if that would make a difference, I just want to go from the least intensive task to most intensive. Any thoughts on this situation?