According to Vulcan to the Sky, the howl is unique to the 200 series airframes, flying at 87% to 95% power. It is caused by about 220 lbs (100 kilograms) of air per second being sucked through its air intakes: a square opening that leads to a smaller oval hole, and then a smaller round hole.
The F-104 Starfighter also has a howl. Don’t know why.