According to the 1974 Dealership Data Books, the 375 cca battery is mounted across the Mopar model line-up, in combination with 360 and 400 cid engines. Sales code F23 is its designation. Trawling the web I found five 1974 broadcast sheets where one would expect this battery, but only once F23 is the battery code. The other four have F24, a code that in the books corresponds to the 325 cca battery introduced in the 1977 model year:
F23
(20) JH23L4B326539 wo/airco Challenger, SPD 218
F24
(66) PH43K4F111X19 wo/airco Fury, SPD 926
(66) RM21L4G285556 w/airco Satellite, SPD 605
(66) WH23L4A265080 w/airco Coronet, SPD 626
(66) WP29K4G194061 w/airco Coronet, SPD 211
The number in brackets are the last two digits of the part number. I happen to have some info on those part numbers from AMA/MVMA specification forms. There its says for the Fury:
1973 (rev. 3-6-73)
3755066, 315 cca w/360 cid
3755069, 440 cca w/440 cid
3755120 , 375 cca w/400 cid
1974 (7-11-73)
3755120, 375 cca w/360, 400 cid
3755069, 440 cca w/440 cid
And yes, a 1973 Polara broadcast sheet has
F24
(66) DM43K3D289566 w/airco Polara, SPD 514
and the Fury Dealership Databooks list among the battery choices
1972
55 amp.-hr. (Std. w/optional 360 only)
1973
315 Ampere (55 amp.-hr.) (Std. w/optional 360 engine)
So part 3755066 was a 315 cca, 55 a/h battery originally intended for the 360 cid engine and still used on the 1974 Fury, although the Dealership Data Book and the MVMA form do not acknowledge this. I wonder if a salesman ever mentioned this to clients.
Conclusion: F24 has two meanings, 315 cca battery up to 1974, 325 cca battery from 1977 on.