Couple days ago. Webb and Hubble compared. Another one, however, where looking at exactly the same patch of sky, Webb picks up things never seen.
Gravitatioinal lensing, another thing Einstein predicted a 100 years ago before we ever saw it in the sky, isn't new. It also gets to the "dark matter" scaffolding that seems to be holding the galaxies together.
Recall the things we can see, (that emit/reflect light) in the WHOLE Universe, are only
5% of whats really there (regular matter like us, C-bodies, B-52s, the Sun, Moon, and stars, etc) is 5%, dark matter
35%, dark energy 60%, so 100%).
The rest of the matter (85% out of the
35%) is "dark", meaning it doesnt emit/reflect light but it DOES have mass. It DOES, therefore, interact with gravity and therefore will affect light's movement through space-time.
Stated another way, light passes straight through dark matter like its not even there, just like TRILLIONS of neutrinos went through each of us in the time it took to read thise sentence.
BUT if the observer is
BETWEEN a light source (i.e., like e a distant galaxie or giant star say 10 Billion LY away from Earth. and a massive group of galaxies is
CLOSER (say 6 Billion LY away IN the line of sight), the
MORE DISTANT galaxie/star's light will be distorted ("stretched", "curved", "smudged", etc, BY the gravity of the
CLOSER, massive items.
again you can can nerd out at the link:
Webb Spotlights Gravitational Arcs in ‘El Gordo’ Galaxy Cluster.
El Gordo is in Earth;s line of sight, so we are seeing galaxies BEHIHD (i.e., further away) El Gordo. The GRAVITY of El Gordo is BENDING the light from things that are more distant.
The gravity is FROM the massive, bright stuff in El Gordo that we see, PLUS the "dark" matter in and all around El Gordo that we CAN"T see but we know its there because it's
lensing bright things behind it in our line of sight.
Again, the way it seem no "dark matter", no humans ... and we don't even know what it is. We only know its there because GRAVITY bends LIGHT because it CURVES space-time, which light in turn FOLLOWS that curvature.
And again, that's why -- to understand all that better hopefully .. Webb is parked at L2 doing fantastic science, standing on Hubble's shoulders.
Webb shot of El Gordo
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Hubble shot of El Gordo
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